A randomized controlled trial of surf and hike therapy for U.S. active duty service members with major depressive disorder
February 17th, 2023
San Diego, California, United States
Kristen H. Walter, Nicholas P. Otis, Travis N. Ray, Lisa H. Glassman, Jessica L. Beltran, Kim T. Kobayashi Elliot, Betty Michalewicz-Kragh
This study tested surf and hike therapy for active duty U.S. service members with major depressive disorder. It compared effects of outdoor exercise in natural settings on depression outcomes, exploring physical activity as a therapeutic approach to improve mental health among military personnel.
BMC Psychiatry
DOI: 10.1186/s12888‑022‑04452‑7
Posted byRiley Fitzpatrick
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Abstract/Description
Background
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most prevalent mental health disorder worldwide, including among U.S. service members. In addition to evidence-based treatments, activity-based approaches have been shown to effectively treat depressive symptoms, particularly when they occur in the natural environment.
Methods
This study compared two activity-based interventions, Surf Therapy and Hike Therapy, on depression outcomes among 96 active duty service members with MDD. Participants were randomized to 6 weeks of Surf or Hike Therapy. Clinician-administered and self-report measures were completed at preprogram, postprogram, and 3-month follow-up. A brief depression/anxiety measure was completed before and after each activity session.
Results
Multilevel modeling results showed that continuous depression outcomes changed significantly over time (ps
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most prevalent mental health disorder worldwide, including among U.S. service members. In addition to evidence-based treatments, activity-based approaches have been shown to effectively treat depressive symptoms, particularly when they occur in the natural environment.
Methods
This study compared two activity-based interventions, Surf Therapy and Hike Therapy, on depression outcomes among 96 active duty service members with MDD. Participants were randomized to 6 weeks of Surf or Hike Therapy. Clinician-administered and self-report measures were completed at preprogram, postprogram, and 3-month follow-up. A brief depression/anxiety measure was completed before and after each activity session.
Results
Multilevel modeling results showed that continuous depression outcomes changed significantly over time (ps
